What is Reading Comprehension Really About?
When it comes to cracking the verbal section, the only skill that really matters is critical reading, which in turn is about Reading Comprehension. This is just a fancy way of saying: “Be alert when you read, and understand what the writer is trying to say.” You might think this is self-evident – Isn’t that what reading is about, you might ask yourself. But when you’re reading under pressure, it’s not always easy to act on this advice. Especially when you have to read continuously for six to eight minutes for RC.
Reading Comprehension is really two things.
The first is the actual reading part – this is what requires comprehension or understanding (and is actually the more significant part of RC). The second part is answering questions, which is more reflection than comprehension – this is where you relate back to the ideas that the passage has talked about and think about what impact those ideas have on the question posed. Understanding what RC is, is the first step to forming an effective strategy for it. Unfortunately, so many students have such a warped idea of what RC is from all the bad mocks they’ve taken, they come to view RC with extreme distaste, which is entirely unjustified. Deliberately choosing an absurdly worded passage is a cheap way of increasing difficulty – only mock providers do this, the CAT never does. Reading Comprehension is not an efficient tool of torture that the IIMs have come up with to see you squirm in pain or frustration (even if it appears that way to you right now).
What Does Reading Comprehension test?
Reading Comprehension is the examiner’s way of testing alertness, patience, and your capacity to receive new ideas. The pattern is designed to test how well you can relate to the ideas in a passage, and not to see if you are a literature major who can dissect somebody’s PhD thesis. For this reason, the CAT chooses passages that are very easy to read. I would go one step further – I would say the CAT chooses passages that are quite interesting and engaging to read, if not actually entertaining. The examiners don’t want to throw off a candidate with writing that has been artificially inflated in difficulty. The passage won’t be on some obscure form of philosophy that no one cares about. It won’t use words that have died out and should have been put to rest a few centuries back. As I’ve grown fond of saying, if you’re looking for something to occupy your mind while you’re having a cup of coffee, you could do worse than pick up an RC passage from the CAT.
No, I’m not peddling some New Age reverse psychology trick designed to help you fool yourself into liking RC. This is not a scheme where you convince yourself that the cabbage that you’re eating for breakfast, lunch and dinner in a bid to lose weight is actually Margherita pizza. Anyone who’s had a serious attempt at the CAT will readily tell you more or less the same thing – they might have been under pressure when they were reading the passages, but there won’t be very many who’ll tell you the passages were boring or even difficult to read. Because they’re neither of those things.
Incomprehensible Passages?
Once you understand why the examiners insist on keeping this wonderfully useful pattern in the exam, your attitude towards it will change. Just remember, RC is designed to test two skills – whether you can receive new ideas through reading, and whether you can relate to them in answering the questions. The examiners are not interested in making the first part hard – that’ll be like asking someone to run after beating them very hard on their knees. They won’t make it difficult for you to understand the ideas in a passage by choosing a passage that is neigh incomprehensible (don’t you hate it when a writer makes it harder to understand what he’s saying just for the heck of it?).
No, the difficulty from this pattern always comes in making you relate to the ideas in the passage. No, not the questions. The answer options. Making the question hard to understand is another cheap trick that the CAT does not resort to. The difficulty (in all verbal ability questions, not just RC) will be in the way the answer options are framed. Usually, you will come down to two similar, but distinguishable answer options that differ from each other for a very specific reason. If you understood what the writer was really trying to say, then you’ll be able to figure out what the difference between the two options is, and you’ll be able to mark the better one.
Sample RC passage
Let’s look at an example of what I’m talking about. The paragraph below presents an interesting take on corruption. It’s not difficult to read (it doesn’t use extinct language) and its main idea is actually quite entertaining:
“Paradoxically, a little bit of corruption can actually end up helping the government. A company that wants to build a new automobile factory knows that corruption is inevitable. But it also knows that by lining a local bureaucrat’s pocket, say an official who has to issue a clearance for the factory to be built, with a hefty bribe it can expect that its factory will be cleared and it can commence operations within a reasonable timeframe. A tolerable amount of corruption can be written off as a business cost no different from paying taxes, so long as the company can expect results from the machinery. Corruption can help cut the red tape and make it easier for a company to set up shop in a country and therefore act for the benefit of the country’s economy.”
Now, a question from this paragraph could be along these lines:
“What is the main point of this paragraph?” and the answer choices could be:
- A country shouldn’t be too harsh on corruption, because it can actually help economic growth by attracting investment.
- Corruption increases predictability in business operations and helps companies grease the government machinery.
- Corruption is a necessary evil if a company is to do business in the world today.
- Ironically, corruption might have positive side-effects for a country’s economy by helping businesses overcome its cumbersome red-tape.
Solution?
If you really understood the paragraph, you should be able to eliminate choices 1 and 3. The paragraph has nothing to say about a country cracking down on corruption, so the writer doesn’t appear to be defending corruption from attack. 3 puts a negative spin on corruption, saying something along the lines of “we’ve got to live with it.” The writer observes a positive consequence of corruption for a country’s economy; he doesn’t say it’s evil, or even that it is necessary.Now, between 2 and 4, which would you think is the main idea of the paragraph? What is the writer really trying to say? If you pause to ask yourself this, you will recognize the difference between 2 and 4.Ready for the answer?
It’s Option 4.
The writer isn’t interested in only saying that corruption helps a business, which is what option 2 does. He goes further than that – he argues that because corruption helps a business, it can help the government too. Once you understand the difference between the two options, it becomes obvious that 4 is the answer.
What shortcut did you need to solve this question? What mystical knowledge helps the expert solve this question? Nothing more than simply realizing that RC is not designed to torture you. It’s designed to test whether you can understand ideas and reflect on them. Reflect on them to use them to relate to the answer options. That’s all.
Now I say that’s what the examiners want to test, but what they’re also testing is to see if you have a reading habit. That’s because this is a pressure exam, and the two things that we’ve seen: Comprehension and Reflection, they’re skills that you pick up if you have a reading habit. Specifically, they’re skills that you can call to action in an exam setting, where the clock is ticking, if you practice them by reading every day. But more on that in another article on how to prepare for RC.
Check out 2IIM’s CAT Question Bank for several CAT level Reading Comprehension practice questions.
Rajesh Balasubramanian takes the CAT every year and is a 4-time CAT 100 percentiler. He likes few things more than teaching Math and insists to this day that he is a better teacher than exam-taker.
I would very much agree with the way you have explained in how to tackle RC. Having written CAT previously I know that the RC passages are way too engaging contrary to the kinds of RC passages being prepared for mock tests notably from IMS. That preparing you for the hardest of circumstances won’t help if you are put under tremendous pressure from the very first mock itself. It would eventually lead to a situation where you practise very less of RC and eventually lead to a situation in which you skip RC questions in mock tests. Test creators should take note of this.
Wonderful thought and what an easy way to approach RC.
Thank you!
I agree with you Rajesh Sir, All CAT passages are very engaging, rather then torturing to lose readers interest. The idea of Mock Test Series is to keep it hard so you score low and end up purchasing more mock test series and this is one psychology why often mostly mocks are tough? We also see the progression how we become a master is we start from basics but in mocks they throw something else on candidate to prepare, better keep it actual near to CAT or slightly the level up and below. This doesn’t work for most test series makers won’t help them.
Thank you Rajesh Sir. Helped a lot,
………..( I read this article in your accent )